![]() The time the infant reaches 36-37 weeks of age ( 3), the incidence of the disease is higher The apnea of premature infants is an interruption ofīreathing for >15 sec and is accompanied by hypoxia orīradycardia, which is a risk factor for the damage to a developingīrain ( 1, 2). The therapeutic performance of caffeine is achieved primarily via improving the efficacy of supplemental O 2 and reducing the incidence of complications. ![]() Caffeine performs better than aminophylline in the treatment of premature infants with apnea under different conditions of O 2 delivery. Treatment with caffeine also decreased the incidence of recurrent apnea events and complications in the investigated population (P<0.05 or P<0.01). In contrast to aminophylline, caffeine treatment significantly reduced the duration of O 2 inhalation and the inhaled O 2 concentration in the infants treated with mechanical ventilation or O 2 delivery devices (P<0.05). The therapeutic performance of the drugs after the completion of the treatment was evaluated primarily according to the risk of recurrent episodes of apnea, the changes in the duration and concentration of inhaled O 2 and the incidence of complications. The clinical data of 120 premature infants with apnea treated with oxygen therapy and either caffeine citrate (20 mg/kg/day n=77) or aminophylline (10 mg/kg/day n=43) were retrospectively examined. The present study was conducted to investigate the clinical significance of caffeine and aminophylline in the treatment of premature infants with apnea under varying conditions of oxygen (O 2) delivery.
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